This paper deals with the performance of a heat pipe solar collector. The solar collector consisted of an Interconnected heat pipe so as to reduce the production cost by using an Interconnected heat pipe because all the heat pipes can be evacuated, sealed and tested at once. Performance of a prototype of the heat pipe solar collector was experimentally examined, and the results were compared with those obtained through theoretical analysis. The results shown in this paper seem feasible.

In this paper, the new methodology of interconnection network among the various corporations which are the members of a single financial group is studied and developed. For the first time, each company is observed individually and the cognitive risk factors of each are monitored by new introduced indexes. The risk contagion effect on the main node of the holding is calculated respectively. The new indexes help the management to monitor the entire financial group performance. Also guide the main node of the holdings to make appropriate decisions relating to any investment, profit returning and risk of the financial group nodes. It is shown, if a company defaults to meet its obligations, how much this will affect the other companies of the network and the main node of the holding. With the use of new developed methodological indexes, the topology of the financial group network is displayed graphically for the first time and the mathematical structure is developed as well. Finally, the illustrative results are apparent in a new introduced software which is coded and tested with real data and the results show high accuracy.

Background: Overturning vehicles is a significant threat that leads to the unexpected death and loss of its occupants. Most of these deaths are preventable. For this reason, it seems necessary to focus research on the development of antidrowning systems to prevent deaths in water-related accidents. The current research was conducted to identify antidrowning systems in cars. Method: The present study is a systematic review. In order to collect data, English articles available on Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus databases were reviewed from January 2000 to July 2024 with the keywords “Review”, “Drowning”, “anti-drowning systems in cars”, and “cars' drowning”. Result: Among 82 articles, after excluding unrelated studies, five studies that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. Several systems were identified from the analysis of these studies. 1-Automatic window opening system for vehicles immersed in water when the vehicle is vertical and facilitates quick escape for the passenger. 2-Drowning prevention device using the BeiDou navigation satellite system to monitor vital signs and send drowning location information 3-Puddle Jumper system that provides a vehicle water level monitoring and control system to alert drivers from the current water level out, and activates a mechanism to raise the vehicle if the water level rises dangerously. 4-Lane departure warning systems (LDW) or lane keeping systems (LKS), which warn or steer back to vehicles that are likely to leave their lanes. 5-Installing safety devices such as external airbags as an option to increase the vehicle's buoyancy and prevent it from sinking. Conclusion: Considering the limited number of studies in the field of anti-drowning systems in cars and the necessity of conducting more research, encouraging cooperation between researchers, car manufacturers, and industry experts is vital for the continuous development and implementation of anti-drowning systems in cars.

Climate change is the twenty-first century's most significant threat to human health. Human activity has led to a gradual increase in greenhouse gas concentrations, resulting in global warming and other related hazards. Climate change is significantly impacting ecosystems and biodiversity, leading to a potential increase in zoonotic diseases. Zoonoses are infectious diseases that are transmitted among animals and humans. Vector-borne, foodborne, and waterborne diseases are major infectious diseases associated with climate change. Changes in temperature and precipitation patterns influence the survival, reproduction, and activity of disease-carrying vectors like mosquitoes, ticks, and sandflies. Variations in climate can affect the spread of diseases such as malaria, leishmaniasis, and rodent-borne illnesses like leptospirosis, bartonellosis, plague, and hantavirus infections. Climate change can also impact waterborne illnesses by altering water quality and increasing the risk of contamination during natural disasters. Additionally, higher temperatures and increased humidity can cause transmission of airborne zoonotic diseases, such as aspergillosis, tuberculosis, and influenza. The evolving climate may also contribute to the development of resistance in disease-causing microorganisms, making treatment more challenging. Human behavior influenced by climate change, such as changes in agricultural practices and land use, can indirectly affect disease transmission by altering vector habitats and human-animal interactions. Overall, the complex interplay between climate change, ecological factors, and human behavior underscores the need for comprehensive strategies to mitigate the risks posed by zoonotic diseases and protect public health.

In this paper, two new computationally efficient improved stochastic algorithms for solving multi-area DC Optimal Power Flow (DC-OPF) in Interconnected power systems have been presented. These algorithms are based on the combined application of Fuzzy Logic strategy incorporated in both Evolutionary Programming (EP) and Tabu Search (TS) algorithms, hence termed as Fuzzy Mutated Evolutionary Programming (FMEP) and Fuzzy Guided Tabu Search (FGTS). Multi-area DC-OPF calculations determine optimum generation schedule, optimal control variables and system quantities of each area with due consideration of generation and transmission system limitations for efficient power system operation. The popularity of EP and TS algorithms are due to their significant property of dealing with the optimization problems without any restrictions on the structure or type of the function to be optimized and due to the ease of computation. The proposed methods are tested on single area, two area and four area IEEE 30-bus Interconnected systems. The optimal solutions obtained using SLP (Successive Linear Programming), EP, TS, FMEP and FGTS are compared and analyzed. The analysis reveals that the proposed algorithms are relatively simple, efficient, reliable and suitable for real-time applications. And these algorithms can provide accurate solution with fast convergence and have the potential to be applied to other power engineering problems.